These are memory Based Questions of BSc Forestry AFU 2077, Some options may be modified. These Questions are very very important for AFU Vet and BSc Ag Entrance Exams. These question may repeat there, so read these questions and other related questions to these ones.
1. Wheat and rice belong to the family of
A. Poaceae
B. RutaceaeC. Cyperaceae
D. Compositae
Answer : A
Rice, wheat, maize etc., belong to the family Poaceae. Rice is the seed of the grass species Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryza glaberrima (African rice). As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food , especially in Asia. Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the near East but now cultivated worldwide.2. Goosefoot (Chenopodiaceae) : Beets, Spinach, Swiss chard,
3. Grasses (Poaceae): Corn (Sweet, field, pop-), Grains, barley, oats, rice, rye, spelt, teff, triticale, wheat.
4. Legumes (Fabaceae): Beans (all), Peanuts, Peas (all)
5. Lettuce (Compositae) : Artichoke, Endive, Escarole, Lettuce, Sunflower
6. Melon/Squash (Cucurbitaceae): Cantaloupes, Cucumbers, Gourds, Melons, Pumpkins, Summer squash, Watermelon, Winter squash, Zucchini
7. Morning Glory (Convolvulaceae) : Sweet potato
8. Nightshade (Solanaceae): Eggplant (Brinjal), Peppers, Potatoes, Tomatillo, Tomatoes
9. Onion (Amaryllidaceae): Chives, Garlic, Leeks, Onions, Parsley
9. Onion (Amaryllidaceae): Chives, Garlic, Leeks, Onions, Parsley
10. (Umbelliferae) Carrot : Celery, Cilantro, Dill, Fennel, Parsley, Parsnip.
2. The Green algae to the Class
A. ChlorophyceaeB. Phaeophyceae
C. Rhodophyceae
D. Cyanophyceae
Answer: A
Characteristics of AlgaeSpecific general characteristics of algae are common to plants as well as animals.
For instance, algae can photosynthesize like plants, and they possess specialized structures and cell-organelles, like centrioles and flagella, found only in animals.
Listed below are some of the general characteristics of algae.
- Algae are photosynthetic organisms
- Algae can be either unicellular or multicellular organisms
- Algae lack a well-defined body, so, structures like roots, stems or leaves are absent
- Algae are found where there is adequate moisture.
- Reproduction in algae occurs in both asexual and sexual forms. Asexual reproduction occurs by spore formation.
- Algae are free-living, although some can form a symbiotic relationship with other organisms.
- Euglenophyta (Euglenoids)
- Chrysophyta (Golden-brown algae and Diatoms)
- Pyrrophyta (Fire algae)
- Chlorophyta (Green algae)
- Rhodophyta (Red algae)
- Paeophyta (Brown algae)
- Xanthophyta (Yellow-green algae)
3. Agaricus is a member of
A. AscomycetesB. Deuteromycetes
C. Basidiomycetes
D. Phycomycetes
Answer : C
Agaricus bisporus is an edible mushroom. It also belongs to the division Basidiomycetes of kingdom Fungi.
4. Smallest district of Nepal is
a. Kathmandu
b. Bhaktapur
c. Lalitpur
d. Parbat
Answer : B
Bhaktapur district located in the eastern part of Kathmandu valley, is the smallest district among the seventy-seven districts of Nepal.5. The pairing of homologous chromosomes takes place in ..................... phase.
A. Anaphase IB. Prophase I
C. Anaphase II
D. Prophase II
Answer : B
The prophase I of meiosis I is marked by synapsis of homologous chromosomes and crossing over. Zygotene of prophase I is marked by pairing of homologous chromosomes. Metaphase I is marked by movement of pairs of homologous chromosomes towards equator and their arrangement on it. The condensation of chromatin and appearance of chromosomes with sister chromatids takes place during prophase II. Metaphase II is marked by arrangement of chromosomes (each with two sister chromatids) on cell's equator which are then separated by splitting of centromere and move towards opposite poles during anaphase II. 6. Two and two … four.
a. make
b. makes
c. made
d. None of them
Answer: B
In this Question, answer is Make and Makes both. In some books answer make is found and in some books, makes is found. In British English, mostly Makes is used. So Makes is better option.
7. Organ of Corti is connected with the sense of
A. TasteB. Smell
C. Hearing
D. Equilibrium
Answer : C
Organ of Corti is a receptor organ of hearing and is located in the inner ear. It is considered as body's microphone. It is present on the basilar membrane which is the floor of cochlear duct. Many mechanoreceptors are present in the organ or Corti. There are many sensitive hair cells present in rows on the internal side of organ of Corti. The basal ends of hair cells are in close contact with the afferent nerve fibres. From the apical part of each hair cell, large number of processes called stereo cilia project. A thin elastic membrane is present above the row of hair cells and is called tectorial membrane.8. Area covered by Forest in Nepal is about … km^2.
a. 30,000
b. 36,000
c. 40,000
d. 1,00,000
Answer : B
Forests. 25.4% of Nepal's land area, or about 36,360 km2 (14,039 sq mi) is covered with forest according to FAO. FAO estimates that around 9.6% of Nepal's forest cover consists of primary forest which is relatively intact.9. Miss Nepal 2020 is
a. Shrinkala Khatiwada
b. Namrata Shrestha
c. Anushka Shrestha
d. Nikita Chandak
Answer : B
Miss Nepal Titleholders:-
Year - Miss Nepal - Birth Place
2017 - Nikita Chandak - Morang District
2018 - Shrinkhala Khatiwada - Makwanpur District
2019 - Anushka Shrestha - Kathmandu District
2020 - Namrata Shrestha - Kathmandu District
Year - Miss Nepal - Birth Place
2017 - Nikita Chandak - Morang District
2018 - Shrinkhala Khatiwada - Makwanpur District
2019 - Anushka Shrestha - Kathmandu District
2020 - Namrata Shrestha - Kathmandu District
10. Messi is related to which game?
a. Cricket
b. Soccer
c. Hockey
d. All of them
Answer : B
Lionel Messi, in full Lionel Andrés Messi, also called Leo Messi, (born June 24, 1987, Rosario, Argentina), Argentine-born football (soccer) player who was named Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) world player of the year five times (2009–12 and 2015).
Lionel Messi, in full Lionel Andrés Messi, also called Leo Messi, (born June 24, 1987, Rosario, Argentina), Argentine-born football (soccer) player who was named Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) world player of the year five times (2009–12 and 2015).
a. Porifera
b. Coelenterata
c. Echinodermata
d. Arthopoda
Answer : B
The gastrovascular cavity of hydra helps in digestion and circulation. It is a cavity which has a single opening surrounded by the tentacles. The cavity is lined by a diploblastic layer. The outer layer is the epidermis and the inner is gastrodermis. The cavity is also known as coelenteron. Extracellular digestion takes place in the gastrovascular cavity. The tentacles catch the prey which is finally thrown into the cavity. The ingested food is enclosed in the food vacuole and is digested by the digestive enzymes secreted by the cells of the gastrodermis. The gastrodermis cells also help in circulation of nutrients and water as there is no well developed circulatory system.
Note : Porifera has spongocoel cavity. Their bodies do not show any symmetry and their shape is adapted so as to allow maximum efficiency of water flow through the central cavity that is present inside. They generally feed on bacteria and other food particles that are present in the water. Their bodies have a large central cavity called the spongocoel. Water enters through the ostia into the spongocoel and goes out through the osculum. Cells called as Choanocytes or collar cells line up the spongocoel and canals, with their flagellum protruding out. It is the beating of this flagellum from all choanocytes that moves the water all through the body of the sponge.
12. Respiration is … process.
a. Anabolic
B. Catabolic
c. Both of them
d. None of them
Answer : B
Respiration is catabolic whereas photosynthesis is anabolic.In respiration, molecules are broken down to release energy, such as the breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water.
In photosynthesis, molecules are synthesized. So plants synthesize carbohydrates from simple molecules such as carbon dioxide and water in presence of light and chlorophyll. Hence it is an anabolic process.
A catabolic process is a process by which complex compounds are broken down into simpler components or molecules and releases energy.
Whereas, the anabolic process creates complex molecules broken down in catabolism by utilizing energy and these molecules remain in the organism to be used again.
Photosynthesis is an anabolic process as it combines carbon dioxide and water in the presence of solar energy to form a complex substance called glucose in the leaves.
Respiration is a catabolic process as it breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones with release of energy in the form of ATP molecule.
Whereas, the anabolic process creates complex molecules broken down in catabolism by utilizing energy and these molecules remain in the organism to be used again.
Photosynthesis is an anabolic process as it combines carbon dioxide and water in the presence of solar energy to form a complex substance called glucose in the leaves.
Respiration is a catabolic process as it breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones with release of energy in the form of ATP molecule.
13. Purest form of iron is:
A. Cast ironB. Wrought iron
C. Pig iron
D. Steel
Answer : B
Wrought iron is purest form of iron which contains carbon content upto 0.15%. Cast iron is refined to produce wrought iron.Wrought Iron is obtained from Blast Furnace.
Most impure form of Iron is Pig Iron. It comes directly from Blast Furnace containing Carbon percentage more than other forms of Iron.
Pig iron is the most impure form of iron.
Chemical Composition of Pig Iron-
C: 3.5-4.5%;
Mn: 0.4-1.0%;
Si: 0.5-1.2%;
P: 0.15%
Steel is made by removing most of carbon and other impurities from pig iron.
14. Urotropine is formed by the action of ammonia on :
A. AcetaldehydeB. Formaldehyde
C. Acetone
D. Phenol
Answer : B
Urotropine is formed by the action of Ammonia on Formaldehyde.Urotropine:
For structure refer image.
Formaldehyde forms hexamethylene tetramine with ammonia.
A. RNA only
B. Proteins only
C. RNA and proteins
D. RNA, proteins and DNA
Answer : C
Ribosomes, protein synthesis cell organelles, are composed by 'RNA and proteins'. Ribosomes are considered as a site for protein synthesis. They translate the m-RNA into a specific protein.Ribosomes are sunthesized in the nucleolus of nucleus. Ribosome is made up of rRNA and protein. The rRNA part is synthesized from the DNA in the nucleus, particularly in a region called nucleolus. The protein parts come from another DNA message that specify the production of these proteins, translated to mRNA and then the mRNA is transported out of nucleus. It is then translated into protein in cytoplasm. The protein parts are transported back to nucleus and together with the rRNA produced in nucleolus, they are assembled into complete ribosome.
16. Largest National Park of Nepal is
a. Shey Phoksundo N.P
b. Chitwan N.P.
c. Rara N.P.
d. Khaptad N.P.
Answer : A
Shey-phoksundo National Park is situated in the Trans-Himalayan region of northwest Nepal. It is Nepal's largest National Park covering an area of 3,555 km2. It was established in 1984 to preserve a unique Trans-Himalayan ecosystem with a diversity of flora and fauna.Rara National Park is located in the North-Westem high mountains of Nepal . The park was gazetted in 1976 to conserve the unique beauty of Lake Rara, and to protect the representative flora and fauna of the Humla-Jumla region. The park is Nepal's smallest protected area, comprising an area of 106 sq.
National parks Lists:-
Chitwan National Park – 952.63 km2 (367.81 sq mi)
Sagarmatha National Park – 1,148 km2 (443 sq mi)
Langtang National Park – 1,710 km2 (660 sq mi)
Rara National Park – 106 km2 (41 sq mi)
Khaptad National Park – 225 km2 (87 sq mi)
Shey Phoksundo National Park – 3,555 km2 (1,373 sq mi)
Bardiya National Park – 968 km2 (374 sq mi)
Makalu Barun National Park – 1,500 km2 (580 sq mi)
Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park – 159 km2 (61 sq mi)
Banke National Park – 550 km2 (210 sq mi)
Shuklaphanta National Park – 305 km2 (118 sq mi)
Parsa National Park – 637 km2 (246 sq mi)
Chitwan National Park – 952.63 km2 (367.81 sq mi)
Sagarmatha National Park – 1,148 km2 (443 sq mi)
Langtang National Park – 1,710 km2 (660 sq mi)
Rara National Park – 106 km2 (41 sq mi)
Khaptad National Park – 225 km2 (87 sq mi)
Shey Phoksundo National Park – 3,555 km2 (1,373 sq mi)
Bardiya National Park – 968 km2 (374 sq mi)
Makalu Barun National Park – 1,500 km2 (580 sq mi)
Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park – 159 km2 (61 sq mi)
Banke National Park – 550 km2 (210 sq mi)
Shuklaphanta National Park – 305 km2 (118 sq mi)
Parsa National Park – 637 km2 (246 sq mi)
Wildlife reserves
Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve – 175 km2 (68 sq mi)
Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve – 175 km2 (68 sq mi)
Conservation areas
Annapurna Conservation Area – 7,629 km2 (2,946 sq mi)
Kanchenjunga Conservation Area – 2,035 km2 (786 sq mi)
Manaslu Conservation Area – 1,663 km2 (642 sq mi)
Blackbuck Conservation Area – 15.95 km2 (6.16 sq mi)
Api Nampa Conservation Area – 1,903 km2 (735 sq mi)
Gaurishankar Conservation Area – 2,179 km2 (841 sq mi)
Annapurna Conservation Area – 7,629 km2 (2,946 sq mi)
Kanchenjunga Conservation Area – 2,035 km2 (786 sq mi)
Manaslu Conservation Area – 1,663 km2 (642 sq mi)
Blackbuck Conservation Area – 15.95 km2 (6.16 sq mi)
Api Nampa Conservation Area – 1,903 km2 (735 sq mi)
Gaurishankar Conservation Area – 2,179 km2 (841 sq mi)
Hunting Reserve
Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve – 1,325 km2 (512 sq mi)
16. Sycon is an example of
a. Protozoa
b. Arthopoda
c. Mollusca
d. Porifera
Answer : D
Euplectelea, Sycon and Spongilla have pores in their body, they are non-motile and assymetric creatures, thus, they belong to phylum Porifera.17. Botanical name of Amla is
A. Medicago salivaB. Emblica officinalis
C. Zingiber officinale
D. Ocimum sanctum
Answer : B
Emblica officinalis - Amla Zingiber officinale - Ginger
Ocimum sanctum - Tulsi
Medicago sativa - Alfalfa
Azadirachta indica, commonly known as Neem, is a tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae. It is mostly used for medicinal purposes.
18. During hibernation, Frog respires through
A. Buccopharyngeal cavity
B. Skin/integument
C. Skin and lungs
D. Skin, lungs and buccopharyngeal cavity
Answer : B
The skin of the frog provides an extensive surface for the exchange of gases. It is thin, richly supplied with blood and kept moist by the mucus and water. The cutaneous respiration is always carried out. During hibernation (winter sleep) and aestivation (summer sleep), it is the only method of respiration in a frog. This is also known as cutaneous respiration.A. Buccopharyngeal cavity
B. Skin/integument
C. Skin and lungs
D. Skin, lungs and buccopharyngeal cavity
Answer : B
Frogs can live both on land and in freshwater and belong to class Amphibia of phylum Chordata. Frogs respire on land and in the water by two different methods. In water, skin acts as a respiratory organ (i.e cutaneous respiration) by diffusion. On land, lungs act as the respiratory organ. (i.e pulmonary respiration). The lungs are a pair of elongated, pink coloured sac-like structures present in the upper part of the trunk region (thorax). Air enters through the nostrils into the buccal cavity and then to the lungs. Hence, the frog (on land) breathes through the lungs.
19. According to Constitution of Nepal, National bird of Nepal is
a. Parrot
b. Owl
c. Lophophorus
d. Ostrich
Answer : C
Himalayan Monal / Impeyan Pheasant (Lophophorus impejanus) belongs to Galliformes order and Phasianidae family. It is the national bird of Nepal.Cow, which is sacred to Hindus, has been declared the national animal of Nepal in the country's newly-unveiled secular constitution.
20. A convex mirror has a focal length f. A real object is placed at a distance f in front of it from the pole, produces an image at:
A. ∞B. f
C. f/2
D. 2f
Answer : C
21. Oldest National Park of Nepal is
a. Shey Phoksundo N.P
b. Chitwan N.P.
c. Rara N.P.
d. Khaptad N.P.
Answer : B
Chitwan National Park is the first national park in Nepal. It was established in 1973 and granted the status of a World Heritage Site in 1984.National parks Lists:-
Chitwan National Park – 952.63 km2 (367.81 sq mi)
Sagarmatha National Park – 1,148 km2 (443 sq mi)
Langtang National Park – 1,710 km2 (660 sq mi)
Rara National Park – 106 km2 (41 sq mi)
Khaptad National Park – 225 km2 (87 sq mi)
Shey Phoksundo National Park – 3,555 km2 (1,373 sq mi)
Bardiya National Park – 968 km2 (374 sq mi)
Makalu Barun National Park – 1,500 km2 (580 sq mi)
Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park – 159 km2 (61 sq mi)
Banke National Park – 550 km2 (210 sq mi)
Shuklaphanta National Park – 305 km2 (118 sq mi)
Parsa National Park – 637 km2 (246 sq mi)
Chitwan National Park – 952.63 km2 (367.81 sq mi)
Sagarmatha National Park – 1,148 km2 (443 sq mi)
Langtang National Park – 1,710 km2 (660 sq mi)
Rara National Park – 106 km2 (41 sq mi)
Khaptad National Park – 225 km2 (87 sq mi)
Shey Phoksundo National Park – 3,555 km2 (1,373 sq mi)
Bardiya National Park – 968 km2 (374 sq mi)
Makalu Barun National Park – 1,500 km2 (580 sq mi)
Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park – 159 km2 (61 sq mi)
Banke National Park – 550 km2 (210 sq mi)
Shuklaphanta National Park – 305 km2 (118 sq mi)
Parsa National Park – 637 km2 (246 sq mi)
Wildlife reserves
Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve – 175 km2 (68 sq mi)
Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve – 175 km2 (68 sq mi)
Conservation areas
Annapurna Conservation Area – 7,629 km2 (2,946 sq mi)
Kanchenjunga Conservation Area – 2,035 km2 (786 sq mi)
Manaslu Conservation Area – 1,663 km2 (642 sq mi)
Blackbuck Conservation Area – 15.95 km2 (6.16 sq mi)
Api Nampa Conservation Area – 1,903 km2 (735 sq mi)
Gaurishankar Conservation Area – 2,179 km2 (841 sq mi)
Annapurna Conservation Area – 7,629 km2 (2,946 sq mi)
Kanchenjunga Conservation Area – 2,035 km2 (786 sq mi)
Manaslu Conservation Area – 1,663 km2 (642 sq mi)
Blackbuck Conservation Area – 15.95 km2 (6.16 sq mi)
Api Nampa Conservation Area – 1,903 km2 (735 sq mi)
Gaurishankar Conservation Area – 2,179 km2 (841 sq mi)
Hunting Reserve
Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve – 1,325 km2 (512 sq mi)
22. A cursorial animal is adapted to ____________.
A. Running
B. Cave dwelling
C. Climbing
D. Living in holes
Answer : A
a) Aquatic adaptations in fish
They have streamlined body which offers least resistance during locomotion through water.
Fins help in locomotion. Pectoral fins act as balancers and the caudal fin (tail fin) helps in changing the direction.
They breathe through gills which are well adapted for gaseous exchange underwater.
Bony fish have in their body cavity a long air filled swim bladder or air bladder that makes their body buoyant (help them float when they stop swimming).
The entire body is covered with waterproof scales with mucous coating on the surface.
B. Cave dwelling
C. Climbing
D. Living in holes
Answer : A
a) Aquatic adaptations in fish
They have streamlined body which offers least resistance during locomotion through water.
Fins help in locomotion. Pectoral fins act as balancers and the caudal fin (tail fin) helps in changing the direction.
They breathe through gills which are well adapted for gaseous exchange underwater.
Bony fish have in their body cavity a long air filled swim bladder or air bladder that makes their body buoyant (help them float when they stop swimming).
The entire body is covered with waterproof scales with mucous coating on the surface.
b) Cursorial adaptations:
They inhabit open spaces on land and are adapted for running on hard ground.
The body is streamlined that offers least resistance during swift movement.
The limbs are elongated with reduced digits. They move on their digits (fingers and toes), i.e. digitigrade locomotion.
The neck is long and eyes are raised high up on the head with keen vision.
e.g. ostriches, kangaroo, hares, tigers, leopards, deer etc.
They inhabit open spaces on land and are adapted for running on hard ground.
The body is streamlined that offers least resistance during swift movement.
The limbs are elongated with reduced digits. They move on their digits (fingers and toes), i.e. digitigrade locomotion.
The neck is long and eyes are raised high up on the head with keen vision.
e.g. ostriches, kangaroo, hares, tigers, leopards, deer etc.
c) Fossorial adaptations:
They are adapted for burrowing mode of life.
Body is either cylindrical or spindle shaped to offer least resistance during burrowing.
The head tapers anteriorly to form a snout.
The forelimbs are short and have powerful claws for digging.
They undergo hibernation in winter due to scarcity of food like insects and vegetation.
The tail is short or vestigial.
e.g. moles, desert snakes, hares, hedgehogs etc.
They are adapted for burrowing mode of life.
Body is either cylindrical or spindle shaped to offer least resistance during burrowing.
The head tapers anteriorly to form a snout.
The forelimbs are short and have powerful claws for digging.
They undergo hibernation in winter due to scarcity of food like insects and vegetation.
The tail is short or vestigial.
e.g. moles, desert snakes, hares, hedgehogs etc.
d) Arboreal or scansorial adaptations:
They are adapted for climbing on trees or other objects.
The pectoral girdle (shoulder joint) is strong with well-developed clavicles and scapula.
Forelimbs become elongated for swinging on trees.
Hind limbs may be prehensile (i.e. grasping) with more or less opposable digits (e.g. primates and sloths) or non-opposable with well-developed claws (e.g. cats and squirrels).
Adhesive pads are present on the tips of digit or on the soles of feet help to hold on the wall or branches of trees (e.g. geckoes, tree frogs, wall lizards).
They move on their whole foot (i.e. plantigrade locomotion).
The tail may be prehensile (e.g. chameleon, monkeys etc.) for grasping the branches of trees.
e.g. chameleons, squirrels, marsupials, lemurs, sloths primates etc.
They are adapted for climbing on trees or other objects.
The pectoral girdle (shoulder joint) is strong with well-developed clavicles and scapula.
Forelimbs become elongated for swinging on trees.
Hind limbs may be prehensile (i.e. grasping) with more or less opposable digits (e.g. primates and sloths) or non-opposable with well-developed claws (e.g. cats and squirrels).
Adhesive pads are present on the tips of digit or on the soles of feet help to hold on the wall or branches of trees (e.g. geckoes, tree frogs, wall lizards).
They move on their whole foot (i.e. plantigrade locomotion).
The tail may be prehensile (e.g. chameleon, monkeys etc.) for grasping the branches of trees.
e.g. chameleons, squirrels, marsupials, lemurs, sloths primates etc.
e) Aerial or Volant adaptations:
They have a boat-shaped body which offers little resistance during flight.
The forelimbs in birds are modified into wings which have large surface area provided by feathers.
In bats, forelimbs are modified into patagium (fold of skin) which is supported by all the digits except the first and extends along the sides of the body up to the tail.
In insects, wings are thin membranous folds of their exoskeleton.
In birds, bones are hollow and spongy to reduce body weight.
They have strong flight muscles for flapping their wings up and down.
Sense organs (especially eyes) are well-developed.
In birds, the jaws are modified into beaks.
e.g. birds, bats, insects etc.
They have a boat-shaped body which offers little resistance during flight.
The forelimbs in birds are modified into wings which have large surface area provided by feathers.
In bats, forelimbs are modified into patagium (fold of skin) which is supported by all the digits except the first and extends along the sides of the body up to the tail.
In insects, wings are thin membranous folds of their exoskeleton.
In birds, bones are hollow and spongy to reduce body weight.
They have strong flight muscles for flapping their wings up and down.
Sense organs (especially eyes) are well-developed.
In birds, the jaws are modified into beaks.
e.g. birds, bats, insects etc.
f) Desert adaptations:
Desert animals depend on succulent plants (e.g. rabbits) or on the blood of the prey (e.g. carnivores) for the supply of water.
The desert lizard has hygroscopic skin that absorbs water from the atmosphere just like blotting paper.
Their skin is thick to avoid perspiration in the day time to prevent the loss of water.
Camels have large, flat sole to properly walk and run on sand without sinking.
Camels have humps on their back to store food and fats.
Camels store sufficient water in special water storing cells.
Their eyes, ears and nostrils are well protected from the blowing sand particles.
Some animals escape the extremes of heat and cold by burrowing into the sand and become active in the morning and evening.
e.g. camels, kangaroo rat, snakes, rabbits, lizards etc.
Desert animals depend on succulent plants (e.g. rabbits) or on the blood of the prey (e.g. carnivores) for the supply of water.
The desert lizard has hygroscopic skin that absorbs water from the atmosphere just like blotting paper.
Their skin is thick to avoid perspiration in the day time to prevent the loss of water.
Camels have large, flat sole to properly walk and run on sand without sinking.
Camels have humps on their back to store food and fats.
Camels store sufficient water in special water storing cells.
Their eyes, ears and nostrils are well protected from the blowing sand particles.
Some animals escape the extremes of heat and cold by burrowing into the sand and become active in the morning and evening.
e.g. camels, kangaroo rat, snakes, rabbits, lizards etc.
g) Adaptations to cave life:
They are nocturnal (active at night).
There is loss of pigmentation in their bodies.
In the absence of light in the caves, the eyes have become reduced or functionless.
The tactile and olfactory organs are well developed.
In bats, the sense of echolocation is highly evolved which enables them to avoid obstacle and catch insects during flight in the darkness.
e.g. bats
They are nocturnal (active at night).
There is loss of pigmentation in their bodies.
In the absence of light in the caves, the eyes have become reduced or functionless.
The tactile and olfactory organs are well developed.
In bats, the sense of echolocation is highly evolved which enables them to avoid obstacle and catch insects during flight in the darkness.
e.g. bats
23. Bile is secreted by
A. PancreasB. Small intestine
C. Stomach
D. Liver
Answer : D
Bile is a fluid that is made and released by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Bile helps with digestion. It breaks down fats into fatty acids, which can be taken into the body by the digestive tract. Bile contains mostly cholesterol, bile acids (also called bile salts), and bilirubin (a breakdown product of red blood cells). It also contains water, body salts (such as potassium and sodium) and copper and other metals.
24. Pneumatic bones are found in _______________
A. Insects
B. Birds
C. Snakes
D. Whales
A. Insects
B. Birds
C. Snakes
D. Whales
Answer : B
Pneumatic bones found in birds. Pneumatic bones are hollow. And because of pneumatic bones, birds can fly in the air.
The bones of birds are lighter in weight than those of mammals. Some of the bones are hollow and actually act as part of the avian respiratory system. These bones, called pneumatic bones, include the skull, humerus, clavicle, keel, pelvic girdle and lumbar and sacral vertebrae.
The bones of birds are lighter in weight than those of mammals. Some of the bones are hollow and actually act as part of the avian respiratory system. These bones, called pneumatic bones, include the skull, humerus, clavicle, keel, pelvic girdle and lumbar and sacral vertebrae.
25. Fruits develop from
A. Ovule
B. Ovary
C. Stamen
D. Carpels
Answer : B
The ovule develops into seed and ovary develops into fruit and seeds are enclosed within the fruit. Both are result of fertilizations in angiosperm plant.
26. The primary host of Plasmodium is
A. Male Culex
B. Male Anopheles
C. Female Anopheles
D. Female Culex
A. Male Culex
B. Male Anopheles
C. Female Anopheles
D. Female Culex
Answer : C
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease of humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans belonging to the genus Plasmodium. The disease is transmitted most commonly by an infected female anopheles mosquito. The mosquito bite introduces the parasites from the mosquito's saliva into a person's blood. The parasites travel to the liver where they mature and reproduce.
27. The sum of the number of neutrons and proton in the isotopes of hydrogen is:
A. 6
B. 5
C. 4
D. 3
A. 6
B. 5
C. 4
D. 3
Answer : A
Hydrogen has three isotopes.
Number of protons and Number of neutrons:
Hydrogen= 1 and 0
Deuterium= 1 and 1
Tritium= 1 and 2
The sum of the number of protons is 1+1+1+=3
The sum of the number of neutrons is 0+1+2=3
The sum of the number of neutrons and proton in the isotope of hydrogen is 3+3=6.
Hydrogen= 1 and 0
Deuterium= 1 and 1
Tritium= 1 and 2
The sum of the number of protons is 1+1+1+=3
The sum of the number of neutrons is 0+1+2=3
The sum of the number of neutrons and proton in the isotope of hydrogen is 3+3=6.
28. A cross between F1 hybrid and homologous recessive parent is called ..................
A. Back Cross
B. Out Cross
C. Test Cross
D. Dihybrid Cross
Answer : C
A cross made between F1 hybrid and recessive parent is called Test cross.
A cross between F1 hybrid and recessive parent gives a ratio of 1:1.
In the next generation 50% progeny are heterozygous dominant and 50% progeny are homozygous recessive plants are formed in 1:1 ratio.
A cross between F1 hybrid and recessive parent gives a ratio of 1:1.
In the next generation 50% progeny are heterozygous dominant and 50% progeny are homozygous recessive plants are formed in 1:1 ratio.
Test cross – cross between F1 hybrid and homozygous recessive parent.
Out cross – cross between F1 hybrid and homozygous dominant parent.
Monohyrbid cross – cross between a homozygous dominant parent and a homozygous recessive parent on the basis of single character.
Dihybrid cross – a cross between a homozygous dominant parent and a homozygous recessive parent on the basis of two characters.
Dihybrid cross – a cross between a homozygous dominant parent and a homozygous recessive parent on the basis of two characters.
28. pH of gastric juice is
A. 2 (Hint : Highly acidic)
B. 4
C. 6
D. 8
A. 2 (Hint : Highly acidic)
B. 4
C. 6
D. 8
Answer : A
The pH of gastric juice secreted by the oxyntic or parietal cells of the stomach is acidic in nature.
It is acidic because the protein-digesting enzymes of the stomach such as pepsin do not work well in the basic medium so the pH is maintained between 1.5 to 3.5 in the stomach. Hence, the pH of gastric juice is 2.
It is acidic because the protein-digesting enzymes of the stomach such as pepsin do not work well in the basic medium so the pH is maintained between 1.5 to 3.5 in the stomach. Hence, the pH of gastric juice is 2.
29. The dimensional formula of coefficient of viscosity is
(A) [MLT-1]
(B) [M-1L2T-2]
(C) [ML-1T -1]
(D) None of these
(A) [MLT-1]
(B) [M-1L2T-2]
(C) [ML-1T -1]
(D) None of these
Answer : C
Dimensional Formula of Coefficient of Viscosity
The dimensional formula of Coefficient of Viscosity is given by,M1 L-1 T-1
Where,
M = Mass
L = Length
T = Time
Derivation
Coefficient of viscosity (η) = F × r × [A × v]-1 . . . . . (1)
Where F = tangential force, r = distance between layers, A = Area, and v = velocity
Since, Tangential Force (F) = Mass × Acceleration = M × [L T-2]
The dimensional formula of force = M1 L1 T-2 . . . . (2)
And, the dimensional formula of area and velocity = L2 and L1 T-1 respectively . . . . (3)
On substituting equation (2) and (3) in equation (1) we get,
Coefficient of viscosity = F × r × [A × v]-1
Or, η = [M L T-2] × [L] × [L2]-1 × [L1 T-1]-1 = [M1 L-1 T-1].
Therefore, the Coefficient of Viscosity is dimensionally represented as [M1 L-1 T-1].
Dimensional Formula of Coefficient of Viscosity
The dimensional formula of Coefficient of Viscosity is given by,M1 L-1 T-1
Where,
M = Mass
L = Length
T = Time
Derivation
Coefficient of viscosity (η) = F × r × [A × v]-1 . . . . . (1)
Where F = tangential force, r = distance between layers, A = Area, and v = velocity
Since, Tangential Force (F) = Mass × Acceleration = M × [L T-2]
The dimensional formula of force = M1 L1 T-2 . . . . (2)
And, the dimensional formula of area and velocity = L2 and L1 T-1 respectively . . . . (3)
On substituting equation (2) and (3) in equation (1) we get,
Coefficient of viscosity = F × r × [A × v]-1
Or, η = [M L T-2] × [L] × [L2]-1 × [L1 T-1]-1 = [M1 L-1 T-1].
Therefore, the Coefficient of Viscosity is dimensionally represented as [M1 L-1 T-1].
30. Which of the following temperature scale doesn't have negative number?
A. Celsius
B. Kelvin
C. Fahrenheit
D. A.O.T
A. Celsius
B. Kelvin
C. Fahrenheit
D. A.O.T
Answer : B
Zero kelvin = −273∘C (absolute temperature). As no matter can attain this temperature.
Hence temperature can never be negative on Kelvin scale.
Hence temperature can never be negative on Kelvin scale.
31. Heat of combustion is always:
A. positive
B. negative
C. zero
D. may be positive or negative
A. positive
B. negative
C. zero
D. may be positive or negative
Answer : B
In combustion heat is always released and hence they are exothermic reactions.
And for exothermic reaction heat or energy is always (-)ve.
And for exothermic reaction heat or energy is always (-)ve.
32. An element with atomic number 29 belongs to:
A. s - block
B. d - block
C. p - block
D. f - block
A. s - block
B. d - block
C. p - block
D. f - block
Answer : B
Atomic number 29 has the electronic configuration - [Ar] 4s^1 3d^10 . Since the last electrons enter the d orbital, it is a d- block element.
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