AFU, 1st semester - All Subject's Practicals and Assignments

AFU, 1st Semester Syllabus - Click Here

Biochemistry
Whole Practical File - See PDF
Past Year Board Exam, Quiz and Practical Exam Question Collections - Click Here

Full AFU Class Note - Click Here
1. Separate PDF File For Separate Chapter
Chapters:-
1. Introduction, Carbohydrates - Importances and Classification,
2. Monosaccharides,
3. Disaccharides and Polysaccharides,
4. Muta-rotation, Optical Activity, Physical Properties of Sugars,
5. Lipids,
6. Plant Fatty Acids,
7. Amino Acids and Proteins,
7. Proteins - 2,
8. Structure of Proteins,
9. Enzymes,
9. Mechanism Of Enzyme Action,
10. Apoenzymes, Coenzymes, Cofactors and Isozymes
11. Metabolism of Carbohydrates,
12. Metabolism of Proteins and Amino Acids,
13. Lipases and Phospolipases,
14. Oxidation of Fatty Acids.
1. Whole Book's PDF Files
1.Fundamentals Of Biochemistry - See PDF
2.Elementary Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology - See PDF

Genetics - Introduction

Past Year Board Exam, Quiz and Practical Exam Question Collections - Click Here
Practical File Part 1 - Click Here
Practical File Part  2 - Click Here
Practical File  Part 3 - Click Here
Practical File  Part 4 - Click Here
Practical File  Part 5 - Click Here
Mitosis and Meiosis Assignment - See PDF
About Synaptonemal Complex (Assignment) Sample 1 - See PDF
About Synaptonemal Complex Sample 2 - See PDF

Principles of Genetics

Lessons

1. History of Genetics,

2. Mendel's Laws and Exceptions,

3. Types of Gene Action,

4. Multiple Alleles,

5. Multiple Factor Hypothesis,

6. Quantitative genetics (Inheritance of Multiple Genes),

7. Cytoplasmic Inheritance,

8. Methods of inducing mutations and C B technique,

9. Mutations,

10. Regulation of Gene Expression,

11. Lac Operon and Fine Structure of Gene,

12. Ultra Structure of Cell and cell Organelles and their functions,

13. Study of chromosome structure, morphology, number and types - Karyotype and Idiogram,

14. Mitosis and Meiosis,

15. DNA And Its Structure, Function, Types, Modes of Replication and Repair,

16. RNA and Its Structure, Function and types,

17. Central Dogma of Protein Synthesis-Transcription, Translation,

18. Crossing over-Factors Affecting It,

19. Linkage-Types and Its Estimation,

20. Numerical Mutation (Polyploidy),

21. Structural Chromosomal Aberrations.

Whole Book's PDF Files:-

1.Principles Of Genetics - See PDF

2.Introductory Genetics- See PDF

Agronomy - Introduction

Past Year Board Exam, Quiz and Practical Exam Question Collections - Click Here
AFU Simple Class Note - Click Here
Practical File Part 1 - Click Here
Practical File Part 2 - Click Here
Weed Identification with Photos - See PDF
Weed Names with Scientific Classification- See PDF
List 1 of Seed Photos with Name - See PDF
List 2 of Seed Photos with Name - See PDF
List 3 of Seed Photos with Name - See PDF
List 4 of Seed Photos with Name - See PDF
Download the seed photos with their names - Click here.
Download The Sample of Seed Catalog- Click Here
List Of Edible seeds with Botanical Name, Family And Photos - Click Here
Download The List Of Weeds with Botanical Name, Nepali Name and Family - Click Here
To download The sample of Weed Herbarium:- Click Here
Notes - Separate PDF files for separate lessons.
1. Irrigation-Introduction and Importance,
2. Role of Water in Plant Growth,
3. Soil Water Movement,
4. Soil Moisture Measurement,
5. Moisture Extraction Pattern Of Crops,
6. Crop water Requirement,
7. Water requirement for different crops,
8. Water budgeting,
9. Water Use Efficiency,
10. Agronomic Practices For Use Of Problem Water - Saline, Effluent, Sewage Water,
11. Water Management For Problem Soils,
12. Water Management Technology Options for Non-Rice Crops,
13. Command Area Development,
14. Water Logging And Field Drainage,
15. Drip Irrigation And Fertigation,
16. Sprinkler Irrigation,
17. Plastic Mulching For Crop Production,
18. Methods Of Irrigation - Suitability, Advantages And Limitations.
Whole Book's PDF Files:-
1 .Principles of Agronomy and AgroMeterology-See PDF
2. Seed Germination and Factors Affecting Seed Germination - See All PDF File
3. Seed dormancy, Causes of seed dormancy (Factors affecting seed dormancy),
4. Methods to break dormancy - See PDF File

Horticulture - Introduction

Past Year Board Exam, Quiz and Practical Exam Question Collections - Click Here
Practical file 1 to 5 - Click Here
Practical file 6 to 12 - Click Here
Common Name, Nepali Name, Scientific name and Family of
1. Rhizomes, Tubers and Other Plants - See PDF ,
2. Hedge, Climbers, Bulbous Plants  - See PDF,
3. Shrubs and Shrubberies  - See PDF,
4. Foliage Trees (Avenue Plants)  - See PDF,
5. Flowering Trees (Avenue Plants) - See PDF,
6. All Ornamental Plants  - See PDF,
7. Tropical Ornamental Trees For Bonsai - See PDF,
8. Ornamental Shrubs for Bonsai  - See PDF,
9. Succulents, Herbaceous flowers and Foliage Plants  - See PDF,
10. Climbers and Creepers  - See PDF,
11. Shrubs - See PDF,
12. Ornamental Trees - See PDF ,
Agro-Ecological Zoning of Nepal and It's Significances -  Click Here.
Role of Horticulture in Promoting Livelihood and Food Security - See PDF
Scientific Name of Medicinal Plants with Family, Used Parts.:- Click Here
Scientific Names of Spices With their Common English Names, Family, Uses and Images - Click Here
Scientific Names of Vegetables With their Common English Names, Local Nepali Names and Family - Click Here
Download The List Of Fruits Name with Botanical Name and Family:- Click Here
Plant Growth Regulators, Their Use in Horticulture and Fruit Production -  Click here.
Unfruitfulness in fruit trees – Causes and Remedies - Click here.
Epicotyl (Stone) Grafting - Click Here.
Plant Propagation by Layering - Click here.
Plant Propagation by Cuttings - Click here.

Micro Propagation (Merits and Demerits) - Click here.
High density planting / High density Orcharding (Advantages and Disadvantages) - Click here.

Plant Propagation (Sexual Propagation with Advantages and Disadvantages) - Click here.

Plant Propagation (Asexual Propagation with Advantages and Disadvantages) - Click here.
Whole Book's PDF Files:-
Introductory Horticulture- See PDF Files
Principals of Horticulture - Click Here

Animal Science - LPM - Introduction

Past Year Board Exam, Quiz and Practical Exam Question Collections - Click Here
Practical File Part 1- Click Here
Practical File Part 2- Click Here

Separate PDF files for separate lessons.
LPM, BSc. Ag 1st Semester (Sir Notes)
1. Introduction and Scope
2. Terminology
3. Layers and Loafers
4. Feeding of Farm Animals
5. Common Animal Diseases
6. External Body Parts
7. Care and Management of Calf

8. Barn Sanitation and Disinfection
9. Breeds of
a. Cattle
b. Goat
c. Pig
d. Buffalo
d. Buffalo-2
10. Housing of Farm Animals and Poultry
11. Local Vs Exotic Breeds
12. Ruminant Vs Non-Ruminant
13. Zoological Classification of Some Animals.
Whole Book's PDF Files
1. Livestock Production And Management- See PDF

2. Vet 1st Semester- LPM- See PDF

3. Livestock Production And Management LPM BSc Ag 1st Semester - See PDF

4. 1st Semester - Livestock Production - Breeds Of Buffalo, Cattle, Goat, Sheep, Pig, Poultry-See PDF

Principle of Economics

Past Year Board Exam, Quiz and Practical Exam Question Collections - Click Here
Principles of Agricultural Economics
Lessons

1. Economics - Definition, Nature and Scope,
2. Agricultural Finance - Nature and Scope,
3. Definition and Scope of Economics,

4. Economic Systems – Definitions And Characteristics - Capital Economy – Socialist Economy – Mixed Economy,
5. Consumption - Theory Of Consumer Behaviour - Utility- Definition And Measurement – Cardinal And Ordinal Approaches – Law Of Diminishing Marginal Utility – Graphical Derivation Of Demand Curve,
6. Ordinal approach-Indifference curve– characteristics - Budget Line,

7. Demand,
8. Elasticity of demand,
9. Engel’s Law of family expenditure and significance,
10. Factors of Production-Land, Labour, Capital,

11.Supply,
12. Graphical derivation of supply from cost curve - - supply schedule – supply curve – Law of supply – elasticity of supply,
13. Market, Market structure and Price Determination,
14. Factor pricing, rent - Ricardian rent-economic rent – Quasi – rent; Wage– marginal productivity theory of wage; Interest - Liquidity preference theory; Profit –Risk-bearing theory of profit,
15. Macro Economics,
16. Money – Definition and functions of money; inflation –Consequences and control,
17. Public finance - public revenue - public expenditure; taxation -principles of taxation,
18. Capital,
19. Time Value Of Money
Whole Book's PDF Files
1.Principle Of Economics - See PDF
2.Principles Of Agricultural Economics -See PDF

Soil Science - Introduction

Past Year Board Exam, Quiz and Practical Exam Question Collections - Click Here

Practical File Part 1 - Click Here

Practical File Part 2 - Click Here

Practical File Part 3 - Click Here

Spotting Questions and All Instruments Photo for Practical Exam: Click Here

Whole Book's PDF Files

1. Soil Science-Introduction - See PDF

Separate PDF Files for Separate Lessons.

Introduction to Soil Science

Lessons

1. Soil – Pedological and Edaphological concepts,

2. Origin of the earth,

3. Rocks and minerals,

4. Weathering,

5. Soil formation factors and processes,

6. Soil profile,

7. Soil physical properties,

8. Soil structure - Classification,

9. Soil aggregates,

10. Soil compaction,

11. Retention of Water by Soil,

12. Movement of soil water,

13. Thermal properties of soils,

14. Layer silicate clays – Genesis and classification,

15. Cation and Anion Exchange,

16. Humus–Fractionation of organic matter,

17. Carbon cycle

18. Soil Colloids,

19. Soil Organic Matter,

20. Genesis, Characteristics, and Reclamation of Acid soils,

21. Genesis, Characteristics, and Reclamation of Saline Soils,

22. Genesis, Characteristics, and Reclamation of Sodic Soils.

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